淡水环境碳钢管道腐蚀行为与防护技术研究综述

胡圣忠; 马杰; 邓培昌

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.016

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装备环境工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5) : 139-147. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.016

重大工程装备

淡水环境碳钢管道腐蚀行为与防护技术研究综述

胡圣忠¹, 马杰², 邓培昌^3,*

作者信息 +

A Review on Corrosion Behaviors and Protection Technologies of Carbon Steel Pipelines in Freshwater Environments

HU Shengzhong¹, MA Jie², DENG Peichang^3,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

分别对淡水环境中碳钢管道腐蚀机理、腐蚀影响因素及腐蚀防护技术进行了综述,重点对淡水输送管道内壁用腐蚀防护技术进行了分析。淡水环境中碳钢管道腐蚀是电化学腐蚀、微生物腐蚀、流动诱导腐蚀、氧浓差腐蚀等腐蚀耦合的结果。淡水环境中碳钢管道腐蚀受淡水流速、水质（pH、溶解氧、侵蚀性离子）及微生物等因素影响。与海水相比,淡水的碳酸盐含量低、电导率低,淡水的低电导特性导致电位分布均匀性控制是阴极保护中技术核心难点,淡水的低碳酸盐含量特点导致阴极保护中碳酸盐沉积层难以形成,需要较大的阴极保护所需电流密度。在淡水管道腐蚀防护中,阴极保护与涂层防护联合应用效果更为显著。

Abstract

The work aims to review the corrosion mechanisms, affecting factors, and protection technologies of carbon steel pipelines in freshwater environments, with a focused analysis on the application of impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) technology to the inner walls of freshwater pipelines. Corrosion of carbon steel pipelines in freshwater environments results from the coupling of chemical, electrochemical, and microbial corrosion processes. The corrosion behavior is affected by multiple factors, including flow velocity, water quality parameters (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen, aggressive ions), and microbial activity. Compared with seawater, freshwater has lower carbonate content and lower electrical conductivity. The low conductivity of freshwater makes the uniform control of potential distribution a key technical difficulty in cathodic protection. Meanwhile, its low carbonate content hinders the formation of carbonate deposits, thus requiring a higher current density for cathodic protection. For corrosion protection of freshwater pipelines, the combined application of cathodic protection and coating protection delivers a far better performance.

导出引用

胡圣忠, 马杰, 邓培昌. 淡水环境碳钢管道腐蚀行为与防护技术研究综述[J]. 装备环境工程. 2026, 23(5): 139-147 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.016

HU Shengzhong, MA Jie, DENG Peichang. A Review on Corrosion Behaviors and Protection Technologies of Carbon Steel Pipelines in Freshwater Environments[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(5): 139-147 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.016

中图分类号： TE65

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